feat: Use AHardwareBuffer* for frame.toArrayBuffer() (#1888)

* feat: Route images through `ImageWriter` into OpenGL pipeline

* fix: Use RGB format

* fix: Every device supports YUV, RGB and NATIVE

* Update VideoPipeline.kt

* log format

* Plug ImageReader between OpenGL pipeline

* Call Frame Processor

* Format

* Remove logs

* feat: Use `HardwareBuffer` for `toArrayBuffer()`

* Format

package/android/src/main/cpp/frameprocessor/FrameHostObject.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
+#include <android/hardware_buffer_jni.h>
+
 namespace vision {
 
 using namespace facebook;
@@ -82,11 +85,13 @@ jsi::Value FrameHostObject::get(jsi::Runtime& runtime, const jsi::PropNameID& pr
   if (name == "toArrayBuffer") {
     jsi::HostFunctionType toArrayBuffer = [=](jsi::Runtime& runtime, const jsi::Value& thisArg, const jsi::Value* args,
                                               size_t count) -> jsi::Value {
-      auto buffer = this->frame->toByteBuffer();
+      AHardwareBuffer* hardwareBuffer = this->frame->getHardwareBuffer();
-      if (!buffer->isDirect()) {
+
-        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to get byte content of Frame - array is not direct ByteBuffer!");
+      AHardwareBuffer_Desc bufferDescription;
-      }
+      AHardwareBuffer_describe(hardwareBuffer, &bufferDescription);
-      auto size = buffer->getDirectSize();
+      __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "Frame", "Buffer %i x %i @ %i", bufferDescription.width, bufferDescription.height,
+                          bufferDescription.stride);
+      size_t size = bufferDescription.height * bufferDescription.stride;
 
       static constexpr auto ARRAYBUFFER_CACHE_PROP_NAME = "__frameArrayBufferCache";
       if (!runtime.global().hasProperty(runtime, ARRAYBUFFER_CACHE_PROP_NAME)) {
@@ -102,9 +107,17 @@ jsi::Value FrameHostObject::get(jsi::Runtime& runtime, const jsi::PropNameID& pr
         runtime.global().setProperty(runtime, ARRAYBUFFER_CACHE_PROP_NAME, arrayBuffer);
       }
 
+      // Get CPU access to the HardwareBuffer (&buffer is a virtual temporary address)
+      void* buffer;
+      AHardwareBuffer_lock(hardwareBuffer, AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_MASK, -1, nullptr, &buffer);
+
       // directly write to C++ JSI ArrayBuffer
       auto destinationBuffer = arrayBuffer.data(runtime);
-      memcpy(destinationBuffer, buffer->getDirectAddress(), sizeof(uint8_t) * size);
+      memcpy(destinationBuffer, buffer, sizeof(uint8_t) * size);
+
+      // Release HardwareBuffer again
+      AHardwareBuffer_unlock(hardwareBuffer, nullptr);
+      AHardwareBuffer_release(hardwareBuffer);
 
       return arrayBuffer;
     };

package/android/src/main/cpp/frameprocessor/java-bindings/JFrame.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "JFrame.h"
 
+#include <android/hardware_buffer_jni.h>
 #include <fbjni/ByteBuffer.h>
 #include <fbjni/fbjni.h>
 #include <jni.h>
@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ int JFrame::getBytesPerRow() const {
   return getBytesPerRowMethod(self());
 }
 
-local_ref<JByteBuffer> JFrame::toByteBuffer() const {
+AHardwareBuffer* JFrame::getHardwareBuffer() const {
-  static const auto toByteBufferMethod = getClass()->getMethod<JByteBuffer()>("toByteBuffer");
+  static const auto getHardwareBufferMethod = getClass()->getMethod<jobject()>("getHardwareBufferBoxed");
-  return toByteBufferMethod(self());
+  auto hardwareBuffer = getHardwareBufferMethod(self());
+  return AHardwareBuffer_fromHardwareBuffer(jni::Environment::current(), hardwareBuffer.get());
 }
 
 void JFrame::incrementRefCount() {

package/android/src/main/cpp/frameprocessor/java-bindings/JFrame.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
 #include <fbjni/ByteBuffer.h>
 #include <fbjni/fbjni.h>
 #include <jni.h>
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ public:
   jlong getTimestamp() const;
   local_ref<JString> getOrientation() const;
   local_ref<JString> getPixelFormat() const;
-  local_ref<JByteBuffer> toByteBuffer() const;
+  AHardwareBuffer* getHardwareBuffer() const;
   void incrementRefCount();
   void decrementRefCount();
   void close();

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/Errors.kt

@@ -50,13 +50,6 @@ class NoCameraDeviceError :
   )
 class PixelFormatNotSupportedError(format: String) :
   CameraError("device", "pixel-format-not-supported", "The pixelFormat $format is not supported on the given Camera Device!")
-class PixelFormatNotSupportedInVideoPipelineError(format: String) :
-  CameraError(
-    "device",
-    "pixel-format-not-supported",
-    "The pixelFormat $format is currently not supported in the VideoPipeline! " +
-      "See this issue for more details ($4.000 bounty!): https://github.com/mrousavy/react-native-vision-camera/issues/1837"
-  )
 
 class CameraNotReadyError :
   CameraError("session", "camera-not-ready", "The Camera is not ready yet! Wait for the onInitialized() callback!")
@@ -77,10 +70,8 @@ class CaptureAbortedError(wasImageCaptured: Boolean) :
   CameraError("capture", "aborted", "The image capture was aborted! Was Image captured: $wasImageCaptured")
 class UnknownCaptureError(wasImageCaptured: Boolean) :
   CameraError("capture", "unknown", "An unknown error occurred while trying to capture an Image! Was Image captured: $wasImageCaptured")
-
 class RecorderError(name: String, extra: Int) :
   CameraError("capture", "recorder-error", "An error occured while recording a video! $name $extra")
-
 class NoRecordingInProgressError :
   CameraError("capture", "no-recording-in-progress", "There was no active video recording in progress! Did you call stopRecording() twice?")
 class RecordingInProgressError :
@@ -92,5 +83,9 @@ class RecordingInProgressError :
 
 class ViewNotFoundError(viewId: Int) :
   CameraError("system", "view-not-found", "The given view (ID $viewId) was not found in the view manager.")
+class FrameProcessorsUnavailableError(reason: String) :
+  CameraError("system", "frame-processors-unavailable", "Frame Processors are unavailable! Reason: $reason")
+class HardwareBuffersNotAvailableError :
+  CameraError("system", "hardware-buffers-unavailable", "HardwareBuffers are only available on API 28 or higher!")
 
 class UnknownCameraError(cause: Throwable?) : CameraError("unknown", "unknown", cause?.message ?: "An unknown camera error occured.", cause)

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/frameprocessor/Frame.java

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package com.mrousavy.camera.frameprocessor;
 
-import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
+import android.hardware.HardwareBuffer;
 import android.media.Image;
+import android.os.Build;
 import com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip;
+import com.mrousavy.camera.HardwareBuffersNotAvailableError;
 import com.mrousavy.camera.parsers.PixelFormat;
 import com.mrousavy.camera.parsers.Orientation;
 
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ public class Frame {
     private final long timestamp;
     private final Orientation orientation;
     private int refCount = 0;
+    private HardwareBuffer hardwareBuffer = null;
 
     public Frame(Image image, long timestamp, Orientation orientation, boolean isMirrored) {
         this.image = image;
@@ -89,34 +92,20 @@ public class Frame {
         return image.getPlanes()[0].getRowStride();
     }
 
-    private static ByteBuffer byteArrayCache;
-
     @SuppressWarnings("unused")
     @DoNotStrip
-    public ByteBuffer toByteBuffer() {
+    public Object getHardwareBufferBoxed() throws HardwareBuffersNotAvailableError {
-        switch (image.getFormat()) {
+        return getHardwareBuffer();
-            case ImageFormat.YUV_420_888:
+    }
-                ByteBuffer yBuffer = image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer();
-                ByteBuffer uBuffer = image.getPlanes()[1].getBuffer();
-                ByteBuffer vBuffer = image.getPlanes()[2].getBuffer();
-                int ySize = yBuffer.remaining();
-                int uSize = uBuffer.remaining();
-                int vSize = vBuffer.remaining();
-                int totalSize = ySize + uSize + vSize;
 
-                if (byteArrayCache != null) byteArrayCache.rewind();
+    public HardwareBuffer getHardwareBuffer() throws HardwareBuffersNotAvailableError {
-                if (byteArrayCache == null || byteArrayCache.remaining() != totalSize) {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
-                    byteArrayCache = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(totalSize);
+            throw new HardwareBuffersNotAvailableError();
-                }
-
-                byteArrayCache.put(yBuffer).put(uBuffer).put(vBuffer);
-
-                return byteArrayCache;
-            case ImageFormat.JPEG:
-                return image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer();
-            default:
-                throw new RuntimeException("Cannot convert Frame with Format " + image.getFormat() + " to byte array!");
         }
+        if (hardwareBuffer == null) {
+            hardwareBuffer = image.getHardwareBuffer();
+        }
+        return hardwareBuffer;
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unused")
@@ -142,6 +131,9 @@ public class Frame {
     @SuppressWarnings("unused")
     @DoNotStrip
     private void close() {
+        if (hardwareBuffer != null) {
+            hardwareBuffer.close();
+        }
         image.close();
     }
 }