fix: Add pasp box to declare square pixels (1:1) for web playback

The codec string fix caused videos to appear squished on web players
like Shaka. Adding an explicit pixel aspect ratio (pasp) box with
1:1 ratio tells the player not to apply any SAR scaling.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/CameraView+Events.kt

@@ -40,15 +40,26 @@ fun CameraView.invokeOnStopped() {
   this.sendEvent(event)
 }
 
-fun CameraView.invokeOnChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int) {
+fun CameraView.invokeOnChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int, durationUs: Long?) {
-  Log.e(CameraView.TAG, "invokeOnError(...):")
+  Log.i(CameraView.TAG, "invokeOnChunkReady(...): index=$index, filepath=$filepath, durationUs=$durationUs")
   val event = Arguments.createMap()
   event.putInt("index", index)
   event.putString("filepath", filepath.toString())
+  if (durationUs != null) {
+    event.putDouble("duration", durationUs / 1_000_000.0) // Convert microseconds to seconds
+  }
   val reactContext = context as ReactContext
   reactContext.getJSModule(RCTEventEmitter::class.java).receiveEvent(id, "onVideoChunkReady", event)
 }
 
+fun CameraView.invokeOnInitReady(filepath: File) {
+  Log.i(CameraView.TAG, "invokeOnInitReady(...): filepath=$filepath")
+  val event = Arguments.createMap()
+  event.putString("filepath", filepath.toString())
+  val reactContext = context as ReactContext
+  reactContext.getJSModule(RCTEventEmitter::class.java).receiveEvent(id, "onInitReady", event)
+}
+
 fun CameraView.invokeOnError(error: Throwable) {
   Log.e(CameraView.TAG, "invokeOnError(...):")
   error.printStackTrace()

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/CameraView.kt

@@ -271,8 +271,12 @@ class CameraView(context: Context) :
     invokeOnStopped()
   }
 
-  override fun onVideoChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int) {
+  override fun onVideoChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int, durationUs: Long?) {
-    invokeOnChunkReady(filepath, index)
+    invokeOnChunkReady(filepath, index, durationUs)
+  }
+
+  override fun onInitSegmentReady(filepath: File) {
+    invokeOnInitReady(filepath)
   }
 
   override fun onCodeScanned(codes: List<Barcode>, scannerFrame: CodeScannerFrame) {

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/CameraViewManager.kt

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ class CameraViewManager : ViewGroupManager<CameraView>() {
       .put("cameraError", MapBuilder.of("registrationName", "onError"))
       .put("cameraCodeScanned", MapBuilder.of("registrationName", "onCodeScanned"))
       .put("onVideoChunkReady", MapBuilder.of("registrationName", "onVideoChunkReady"))
+      .put("onInitReady", MapBuilder.of("registrationName", "onInitReady"))
       .build()?.toMutableMap()
 
   override fun getName(): String = TAG

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/CameraSession.kt

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import android.util.Log
 import android.util.Size
 import android.view.Surface
 import android.view.SurfaceHolder
+import android.view.WindowManager
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import com.google.mlkit.vision.barcode.common.Barcode
 import com.mrousavy.camera.core.capture.RepeatingCaptureRequest
@@ -425,6 +426,23 @@ class CameraSession(private val context: Context, private val cameraManager: Cam
 
       val fps = configuration?.fps ?: 30
 
+      // Get actual device rotation from WindowManager since the React Native orientation hook
+      // doesn't update when rotating between landscape-left and landscape-right on Android.
+      // Map device rotation to the correct orientation for video recording.
+      // Surface.ROTATION_90 = device rotated 90° CCW = phone top on LEFT = LANDSCAPE_LEFT
+      // Surface.ROTATION_270 = device rotated 90° CW = phone top on RIGHT = LANDSCAPE_RIGHT
+      val windowManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManager
+      val deviceRotation = windowManager.defaultDisplay.rotation
+      val recordingOrientation = when (deviceRotation) {
+        Surface.ROTATION_0 -> Orientation.PORTRAIT
+        Surface.ROTATION_90 -> Orientation.LANDSCAPE_LEFT
+        Surface.ROTATION_180 -> Orientation.PORTRAIT_UPSIDE_DOWN
+        Surface.ROTATION_270 -> Orientation.LANDSCAPE_RIGHT
+        else -> Orientation.PORTRAIT
+      }
+
+      Log.i(TAG, "startRecording: orientation=${recordingOrientation.toDegrees()}° (deviceRotation=$deviceRotation)")
+
       val recording = RecordingSession(
         context,
         cameraId,
@@ -432,7 +450,7 @@ class CameraSession(private val context: Context, private val cameraManager: Cam
         enableAudio,
         fps,
         videoOutput.enableHdr,
-        orientation,
+        recordingOrientation,
         options,
         filePath,
         callback,
@@ -497,7 +515,8 @@ class CameraSession(private val context: Context, private val cameraManager: Cam
     fun onInitialized()
     fun onStarted()
     fun onStopped()
-    fun onVideoChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int)
+    fun onVideoChunkReady(filepath: File, index: Int, durationUs: Long?)
+    fun onInitSegmentReady(filepath: File)
     fun onCodeScanned(codes: List<Barcode>, scannerFrame: CodeScannerFrame)
   }
 }

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/ChunkedRecorder.kt

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import java.io.File
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer
 
 class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outputDirectory: File, private val orientationHint: Int, private val iFrameInterval: Int, private val callbacks: CameraSession.Callback) :
-  MediaCodec.Callback() {
+  MediaCodec.Callback(), ChunkedRecorderInterface {
   companion object {
     private const val TAG = "ChunkedRecorder"
 
@@ -30,8 +30,15 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
       iFrameInterval: Int = 5
     ): ChunkedRecordingManager {
       val mimeType = options.videoCodec.toMimeType()
-      val cameraOrientationDegrees = cameraOrientation.toDegrees()
+      // Use cameraOrientation (from WindowManager) for rotation metadata
-      val recordingOrientationDegrees = (options.orientation ?: Orientation.PORTRAIT).toDegrees();
+      // The options.orientation from JavaScript is unreliable on Android when rotating between landscape modes
+      // Note: MediaMuxer.setOrientationHint() uses opposite convention from HlsMuxer's rotation matrix
+      // We need to invert the rotation: 90 <-> 270, while 0 and 180 stay the same
+      val orientationDegrees = when (cameraOrientation.toDegrees()) {
+        90 -> 270
+        270 -> 90
+        else -> cameraOrientation.toDegrees()
+      }
       val (width, height) = if (cameraOrientation.isLandscape()) {
         size.height to size.width
       } else {
@@ -55,12 +62,12 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
       format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, iFrameInterval)
       format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, bitRate)
 
-      Log.d(TAG, "Video Format: $format, camera orientation $cameraOrientationDegrees, recordingOrientation: $recordingOrientationDegrees")
+      Log.d(TAG, "Video Format: $format, orientation: $orientationDegrees")
       // Create a MediaCodec encoder, and configure it with our format.  Get a Surface
       // we can use for input and wrap it with a class that handles the EGL work.
       codec.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE)
       return ChunkedRecordingManager(
-        codec, outputDirectory, recordingOrientationDegrees, iFrameInterval, callbacks
+        codec, outputDirectory, orientationDegrees, iFrameInterval, callbacks
       )
     }
   }
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
 
   private val targetDurationUs = iFrameInterval * 1000000
 
-  val surface: Surface = encoder.createInputSurface()
+  override val surface: Surface = encoder.createInputSurface()
 
   init {
     if (!this.outputDirectory.exists()) {
@@ -91,11 +98,14 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
       muxer.start()
     }
 
+    fun writeSample(buffer: java.nio.ByteBuffer, bufferInfo: BufferInfo) {
+      muxer.writeSampleData(videoTrack, buffer, bufferInfo)
+    }
 
     fun finish() {
       muxer.stop()
       muxer.release()
-      callbacks.onVideoChunkReady(filepath, chunkIndex)
+      callbacks.onVideoChunkReady(filepath, chunkIndex, null)
     }
   }
 
@@ -133,12 +143,12 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
     return bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs - context.startTimeUs
   }
 
-  fun start() {
+  override fun start() {
     encoder.start()
     recording = true
   }
 
-  fun finish() {
+  override fun finish() {
     synchronized(this) {
       muxerContext?.finish()
       recording = false
@@ -168,7 +178,7 @@ class ChunkedRecordingManager(private val encoder: MediaCodec, private val outpu
         encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
         return
       }
-      context.muxer.writeSampleData(context.videoTrack, encodedData, bufferInfo)
+      context.writeSample(encodedData, bufferInfo)
       encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
     }
   }

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/ChunkedRecorderInterface.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package com.mrousavy.camera.core
+
+import android.view.Surface
+
+/**
+ * Common interface for chunked video recorders.
+ * Implemented by both ChunkedRecordingManager (regular MP4) and
+ * FragmentedRecordingManager (HLS-compatible fMP4).
+ */
+interface ChunkedRecorderInterface {
+    val surface: Surface
+
+    fun start()
+    fun finish()
+}

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/FragmentedRecordingManager.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+package com.mrousavy.camera.core
+
+import android.media.MediaCodec
+import android.media.MediaCodec.BufferInfo
+import android.media.MediaCodecInfo
+import android.media.MediaFormat
+import android.util.Log
+import android.util.Size
+import android.view.Surface
+import com.mrousavy.camera.types.Orientation
+import com.mrousavy.camera.types.RecordVideoOptions
+import java.io.File
+
+/**
+ * A recording manager that produces HLS-compatible fragmented MP4 segments.
+ *
+ * Uses HlsMuxer (following Android's MediaMuxer pattern) to produce:
+ * - init.mp4: Initialization segment (ftyp + moov with mvex)
+ * - 0.mp4, 1.mp4, ...: Media segments (moof + mdat)
+ */
+class FragmentedRecordingManager(
+    private val encoder: MediaCodec,
+    private val muxer: HlsMuxer
+) : MediaCodec.Callback(), ChunkedRecorderInterface {
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "FragmentedRecorder"
+        private const val DEFAULT_SEGMENT_DURATION_SECONDS = 6
+
+        fun fromParams(
+            callbacks: CameraSession.Callback,
+            size: Size,
+            enableAudio: Boolean,
+            fps: Int? = null,
+            cameraOrientation: Orientation,
+            bitRate: Int,
+            options: RecordVideoOptions,
+            outputDirectory: File,
+            segmentDurationSeconds: Int = DEFAULT_SEGMENT_DURATION_SECONDS
+        ): FragmentedRecordingManager {
+            val mimeType = options.videoCodec.toMimeType()
+            // Use cameraOrientation (from WindowManager) for rotation metadata
+            // The options.orientation from JavaScript is unreliable on Android when rotating between landscape modes
+            val orientationDegrees = cameraOrientation.toDegrees()
+
+            // Swap dimensions based on camera orientation, same as ChunkedRecordingManager
+            val (width, height) = if (cameraOrientation.isLandscape()) {
+                size.height to size.width
+            } else {
+                size.width to size.height
+            }
+
+            Log.d(TAG, "Recording: ${width}x${height}, orientation=$orientationDegrees°")
+
+            val format = MediaFormat.createVideoFormat(mimeType, width, height)
+            val codec = MediaCodec.createEncoderByType(mimeType)
+
+            format.setInteger(
+                MediaFormat.KEY_COLOR_FORMAT,
+                MediaCodecInfo.CodecCapabilities.COLOR_FormatSurface
+            )
+
+            // Use 30fps as conservative default since many Android devices can't sustain
+            // higher frame rates at high resolutions. This affects:
+            // - Encoder: bitrate allocation and I-frame interval calculation
+            // - HlsMuxer: timescale for accurate sample durations
+            // The actual frame timing comes from camera timestamps regardless of this setting.
+            val effectiveFps = 30
+            format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_FRAME_RATE, effectiveFps)
+            format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_I_FRAME_INTERVAL, segmentDurationSeconds)
+            format.setInteger(MediaFormat.KEY_BIT_RATE, bitRate)
+
+            codec.configure(format, null, null, MediaCodec.CONFIGURE_FLAG_ENCODE)
+
+            val muxer = HlsMuxer(
+                outputDirectory = outputDirectory,
+                callback = object : HlsMuxer.Callback {
+                    override fun onInitSegmentReady(file: File) {
+                        callbacks.onInitSegmentReady(file)
+                    }
+
+                    override fun onMediaSegmentReady(file: File, index: Int, durationUs: Long) {
+                        callbacks.onVideoChunkReady(file, index, durationUs)
+                    }
+                },
+                orientationDegrees = orientationDegrees,
+                fps = effectiveFps
+            )
+            muxer.setSegmentDuration(segmentDurationSeconds * 1_000_000L)
+
+            return FragmentedRecordingManager(codec, muxer)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var recording = false
+    private var muxerStarted = false
+    private var trackIndex = -1
+
+    override val surface: Surface = encoder.createInputSurface()
+
+    init {
+        encoder.setCallback(this)
+    }
+
+    override fun start() {
+        encoder.start()
+        recording = true
+    }
+
+    override fun finish() {
+        synchronized(this) {
+            recording = false
+
+            if (muxerStarted) {
+                muxer.stop()
+                muxer.release()
+            }
+
+            try {
+                encoder.stop()
+                encoder.release()
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping encoder", e)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MediaCodec.Callback methods
+
+    override fun onInputBufferAvailable(codec: MediaCodec, index: Int) {
+        // Not used for Surface input
+    }
+
+    override fun onOutputBufferAvailable(codec: MediaCodec, index: Int, bufferInfo: BufferInfo) {
+        synchronized(this) {
+            if (!recording) {
+                encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
+                return
+            }
+
+            if (!muxerStarted) {
+                encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
+                return
+            }
+
+            val buffer = encoder.getOutputBuffer(index)
+            if (buffer == null) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "getOutputBuffer returned null")
+                encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
+                return
+            }
+
+            try {
+                muxer.writeSampleData(trackIndex, buffer, bufferInfo)
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error writing sample", e)
+            }
+
+            encoder.releaseOutputBuffer(index, false)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onError(codec: MediaCodec, e: MediaCodec.CodecException) {
+        Log.e(TAG, "Codec error: ${e.message}")
+    }
+
+    override fun onOutputFormatChanged(codec: MediaCodec, format: MediaFormat) {
+        synchronized(this) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Output format changed: $format")
+
+            trackIndex = muxer.addTrack(format)
+            muxer.start()
+            muxerStarted = true
+        }
+    }
+}

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/PreviewView.kt

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ import android.os.Looper
 import android.util.Log
 import android.util.Size
 import android.view.PixelCopy
+import android.view.Surface
 import android.view.SurfaceHolder
 import android.view.SurfaceView
+import android.view.WindowManager
 import com.facebook.react.bridge.UiThreadUtil
 import com.mrousavy.camera.extensions.resize
 import com.mrousavy.camera.extensions.rotatedBy
@@ -150,6 +152,8 @@ class PreviewView(context: Context, callback: SurfaceHolder.Callback) :
     val width = frame.width()
     val height = frame.height()
 
+    // Create bitmap matching surface frame dimensions for PixelCopy
+    // The original code swapped dimensions assuming landscape input - keep that for consistency
     val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(height, width, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
 
     // Use a coroutine to suspend until the PixelCopy request is complete
@@ -159,7 +163,23 @@ class PreviewView(context: Context, callback: SurfaceHolder.Callback) :
         bitmap,
         { copyResult ->
           if (copyResult == PixelCopy.SUCCESS) {
-            continuation.resume(rotateBitmap90CounterClockwise(bitmap))
+            // Get actual device rotation from WindowManager instead of relying on
+            // the orientation prop, which may not update on Android when rotating
+            // between landscape-left and landscape-right.
+            val windowManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManager
+            val deviceRotation = windowManager.defaultDisplay.rotation
+
+            val actualOrientation = when (deviceRotation) {
+                Surface.ROTATION_0 -> Orientation.PORTRAIT
+                Surface.ROTATION_90 -> Orientation.LANDSCAPE_LEFT
+                Surface.ROTATION_180 -> Orientation.PORTRAIT_UPSIDE_DOWN
+                Surface.ROTATION_270 -> Orientation.LANDSCAPE_RIGHT
+                else -> Orientation.PORTRAIT
+            }
+
+            Log.i(TAG, "getBitmap: orientation prop = $orientation, deviceRotation = $deviceRotation, actualOrientation = $actualOrientation")
+
+            continuation.resume(bitmap.transformBitmap(actualOrientation))
           } else {
             continuation.resumeWithException(
                 RuntimeException("PixelCopy failed with error code $copyResult")

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/RecordingSession.kt

@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ import com.facebook.common.statfs.StatFsHelper
 import com.mrousavy.camera.extensions.getRecommendedBitRate
 import com.mrousavy.camera.types.Orientation
 import com.mrousavy.camera.types.RecordVideoOptions
+import com.mrousavy.camera.types.StreamSegmentType
 import com.mrousavy.camera.utils.FileUtils
 import java.io.File
 import android.os.Environment
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
 import java.util.Locale
 import java.util.Date
+
 class RecordingSession(
   context: Context,
   val cameraId: String,
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ class RecordingSession(
   private val filePath: String,
   private val callback: (video: Video) -> Unit,
   private val onError: (error: CameraError) -> Unit,
-  private val allCallbacks: CameraSession.Callback,
+  private val allCallbacks: CameraSession.Callback
 ) {
   companion object {
     private const val TAG = "RecordingSession"
@@ -34,23 +36,45 @@ class RecordingSession(
     private const val AUDIO_SAMPLING_RATE = 44_100
     private const val AUDIO_BIT_RATE = 16 * AUDIO_SAMPLING_RATE
     private const val AUDIO_CHANNELS = 1
+
+    // Segment duration in seconds (matching iOS default of 6 seconds)
+    private const val SEGMENT_DURATION_SECONDS = 6
   }
 
   data class Video(val path: String, val durationMs: Long, val size: Size)
 
-  private val outputPath: File = File(filePath)
+  // Normalize path - expo-file-system passes file:// URIs but File expects raw paths
+  // Handle both file:// and file:/ variants
+  private val outputPath: File = File(filePath.replace(Regex("^file:/+"), "/"))
 
   private val bitRate = getBitRate()
-  private val recorder = ChunkedRecordingManager.fromParams(
+
-    allCallbacks,
+  // Use FragmentedRecordingManager for HLS-compatible fMP4 output,
-    size,
+  // or fall back to ChunkedRecordingManager for regular MP4 chunks
-    enableAudio,
+  private val recorder: ChunkedRecorderInterface = if (options.streamSegmentType == StreamSegmentType.FRAGMENTED_MP4) {
-    fps,
+    FragmentedRecordingManager.fromParams(
-    cameraOrientation,
+      allCallbacks,
-    bitRate,
+      size,
-    options,
+      enableAudio,
-    outputPath
+      fps,
-  )
+      cameraOrientation,
+      bitRate,
+      options,
+      outputPath,
+      SEGMENT_DURATION_SECONDS
+    )
+  } else {
+    ChunkedRecordingManager.fromParams(
+      allCallbacks,
+      size,
+      enableAudio,
+      fps,
+      cameraOrientation,
+      bitRate,
+      options,
+      outputPath
+    )
+  }
   private var startTime: Long? = null
   val surface: Surface
     get() {
@@ -59,7 +83,7 @@ class RecordingSession(
 
   fun start() {
     synchronized(this) {
-      Log.i(TAG, "Starting RecordingSession..")
+      Log.i(TAG, "Starting RecordingSession with ${options.streamSegmentType} recorder..")
       startTime = System.currentTimeMillis()
       recorder.start()
     }

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/types/RecordVideoOptions.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ class RecordVideoOptions(map: ReadableMap) {
   var videoBitRateOverride: Double? = null
   var videoBitRateMultiplier: Double? = null
   var orientation: Orientation? = null
+  var streamSegmentType: StreamSegmentType = StreamSegmentType.FRAGMENTED_MP4
 
   init {
     if (map.hasKey("fileType")) {
@@ -29,5 +30,8 @@ class RecordVideoOptions(map: ReadableMap) {
     if (map.hasKey("orientation")) {
       orientation = Orientation.fromUnionValue(map.getString("orientation"))
     }
+    if (map.hasKey("streamSegmentType")) {
+      streamSegmentType = StreamSegmentType.fromUnionValue(map.getString("streamSegmentType"))
+    }
   }
 }

package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/types/StreamSegmentType.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package com.mrousavy.camera.types
+
+enum class StreamSegmentType(override val unionValue: String) : JSUnionValue {
+  FRAGMENTED_MP4("FRAGMENTED_MP4"),
+  RB_CHUNKED_MP4("RB_CHUNKED_MP4");
+
+  companion object : JSUnionValue.Companion<StreamSegmentType> {
+    override fun fromUnionValue(unionValue: String?): StreamSegmentType =
+      when (unionValue) {
+        "FRAGMENTED_MP4" -> FRAGMENTED_MP4
+        "RB_CHUNKED_MP4" -> RB_CHUNKED_MP4
+        else -> FRAGMENTED_MP4 // Default to fMP4
+      }
+  }
+}

package/ios/Core/CameraSession+Video.swift

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ extension CameraSession {
                       onError: @escaping (_ error: CameraError) -> Void) {
     // Run on Camera Queue
     CameraQueues.cameraQueue.async {
+      // Normalize path - expo-file-system passes file:// URIs but FileManager expects raw paths
+      let normalizedPath = filePath.hasPrefix("file://") ? String(filePath.dropFirst(7)) : filePath
+
       let start = DispatchTime.now()
       ReactLogger.log(level: .info, message: "Starting Video recording...")
 
@@ -38,11 +41,27 @@ extension CameraSession {
       // Callback for when new chunks are ready
       let onChunkReady: (ChunkedRecorder.Chunk) -> Void = { chunk in
         guard let delegate = self.delegate else {
+          ReactLogger.log(level: .warning, message: "Chunk ready but delegate is nil, dropping chunk: \(chunk)")
           return
         }
         delegate.onVideoChunkReady(chunk: chunk)
       }
 
+      // Callback for when a chunk write fails (e.g. init file write failure)
+      let onChunkError: (Error) -> Void = { error in
+        ReactLogger.log(level: .error, message: "Chunk write error, stopping recording: \(error.localizedDescription)")
+        // Stop recording immediately
+        if let session = self.recordingSession {
+          session.stop(clock: self.captureSession.clock)
+        }
+        // Surface error to RN
+        if let cameraError = error as? CameraError {
+          onError(cameraError)
+        } else {
+          onError(.capture(.fileError))
+        }
+      }
+
       // Callback for when the recording ends
       let onFinish = { (recordingSession: RecordingSession, status: AVAssetWriter.Status, error: Error?) in
         defer {
@@ -82,22 +101,23 @@ extension CameraSession {
         }
       }
 
-      if !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: filePath) {
+      if !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: normalizedPath) {
         do {
-          try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: filePath, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+          try FileManager.default.createDirectory(atPath: normalizedPath, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
         } catch {
           onError(.capture(.createRecordingDirectoryError(message: error.localizedDescription)))
           return
         }
       }
 
-      ReactLogger.log(level: .info, message: "Will record to temporary file: \(filePath)")
+      ReactLogger.log(level: .info, message: "Will record to temporary file: \(normalizedPath)")
 
       do {
         // Create RecordingSession for the temp file
-        let recordingSession = try RecordingSession(outputDiretory: filePath,
+        let recordingSession = try RecordingSession(outputDiretory: normalizedPath,
                                                     fileType: options.fileType,
                                                     onChunkReady: onChunkReady,
+                                                    onChunkError: onChunkError,
                                                     completion: onFinish)
 
         // Init Audio + Activate Audio Session (optional)

package/ios/Core/ChunkedRecorder.swift

@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@ class ChunkedRecorder: NSObject {
 
   let outputURL: URL
   let onChunkReady: ((Chunk) -> Void)
+  let onError: ((Error) -> Void)?
 
   private var chunkIndex: UInt64 = 0
 
-  init(outputURL: URL, onChunkReady: @escaping ((Chunk) -> Void)) throws {
+  init(outputURL: URL, onChunkReady: @escaping ((Chunk) -> Void), onError: ((Error) -> Void)? = nil) throws {
     self.outputURL = outputURL
     self.onChunkReady = onChunkReady
+    self.onError = onError
     guard FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: outputURL.path) else {
       throw CameraError.unknown(message: "output directory does not exist at: \(outputURL.path)", cause: nil)
     }
@@ -56,28 +58,36 @@ extension ChunkedRecorder: AVAssetWriterDelegate {
 
   private func saveInitSegment(_ data: Data) {
     let url = outputURL.appendingPathComponent("init.mp4")
-    save(data: data, url: url)
+    do {
-    onChunkReady(url: url, type: .initialization)
+      try data.write(to: url)
+      onChunkReady(url: url, type: .initialization)
+    } catch {
+      ReactLogger.log(level: .error, message: "Failed to write init file \(url): \(error.localizedDescription)")
+      onError?(CameraError.capture(.fileError))
+    }
   }
 
   private func saveSegment(_ data: Data, report: AVAssetSegmentReport?) {
     let name = "\(chunkIndex).mp4"
     let url = outputURL.appendingPathComponent(name)
-    save(data: data, url: url)
+    if save(data: data, url: url) {
-    let duration = report?
+      let duration = report?
-      .trackReports
+        .trackReports
-      .filter { $0.mediaType == .video }
+        .filter { $0.mediaType == .video }
-      .first?
+        .first?
-      .duration
+        .duration
-    onChunkReady(url: url, type: .data(index: chunkIndex, duration: duration))
+      onChunkReady(url: url, type: .data(index: chunkIndex, duration: duration))
-    chunkIndex += 1
+      chunkIndex += 1
+    }
   }
 
-  private func save(data: Data, url: URL) {
+  private func save(data: Data, url: URL) -> Bool {
     do {
       try data.write(to: url)
+      return true
     } catch {
       ReactLogger.log(level: .error, message: "Unable to write \(url): \(error.localizedDescription)")
+      return false
     }
   }
 

package/ios/Core/RecordingSession.swift

@@ -74,12 +74,13 @@ class RecordingSession {
   init(outputDiretory: String,
        fileType: AVFileType,
        onChunkReady: @escaping ((ChunkedRecorder.Chunk) -> Void),
+       onChunkError: ((Error) -> Void)? = nil,
        completion: @escaping (RecordingSession, AVAssetWriter.Status, Error?) -> Void) throws {
     completionHandler = completion
 
     do {
       let outputURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: outputDiretory)
-      recorder = try ChunkedRecorder(outputURL: outputURL, onChunkReady: onChunkReady)
+      recorder = try ChunkedRecorder(outputURL: outputURL, onChunkReady: onChunkReady, onError: onChunkError)
       assetWriter = AVAssetWriter(contentType: UTType(fileType.rawValue)!)
       assetWriter.shouldOptimizeForNetworkUse = false
       assetWriter.outputFileTypeProfile = .mpeg4AppleHLS

package/src/VideoFile.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,17 @@ export interface RecordVideoOptions {
    * @default 'normal'
    */
   videoBitRate?: 'extra-low' | 'low' | 'normal' | 'high' | 'extra-high' | number
+  /**
+   * The stream segment type for recording on Android.
+   * - `FRAGMENTED_MP4`: HLS-compatible segments (init.mp4 + numbered segments)
+   * - `RB_CHUNKED_MP4`: Legacy chunked MP4 format
+   *
+   * iOS always uses FRAGMENTED_MP4 regardless of this setting.
+   *
+   * @platform android
+   * @default 'FRAGMENTED_MP4'
+   */
+  streamSegmentType?: 'FRAGMENTED_MP4' | 'RB_CHUNKED_MP4'
 }
 
 /**