diff --git a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/PersistentCameraCaptureSession.kt b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/PersistentCameraCaptureSession.kt
index db31fcf..6162dc2 100644
--- a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/PersistentCameraCaptureSession.kt
+++ b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/core/PersistentCameraCaptureSession.kt
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ class PersistentCameraCaptureSession(private val cameraManager: CameraManager, p
   companion object {
     private const val TAG = "PersistentCameraCaptureSession"
     private const val FOCUS_RESET_TIMEOUT = 3000L
+    private const val PRECAPTURE_LOCK_TIMEOUT = 5000L
   }
 
   // Inputs/Dependencies
@@ -178,21 +179,30 @@ class PersistentCameraCaptureSession(private val cameraManager: CameraManager, p
       Log.i(TAG, "Locking AF/AE/AWB...")
 
       // 1. Run precapture sequence
-      val precaptureRequest = repeatingRequest.createCaptureRequest(device, deviceDetails, repeatingOutputs)
-      val skipIfPassivelyFocused = flash == Flash.OFF
-      val options =
-        PrecaptureOptions(
+      var needsFlash: Boolean
+      try {
+        val precaptureRequest = repeatingRequest.createCaptureRequest(device, deviceDetails, repeatingOutputs)
+        val skipIfPassivelyFocused = flash == Flash.OFF
+        val options = PrecaptureOptions(
           listOf(PrecaptureTrigger.AF, PrecaptureTrigger.AE, PrecaptureTrigger.AWB),
           flash,
           emptyList(),
-          skipIfPassivelyFocused
+          skipIfPassivelyFocused,
+          PRECAPTURE_LOCK_TIMEOUT
         )
-      val result = session.precapture(precaptureRequest, deviceDetails, options)
+        val result = session.precapture(precaptureRequest, deviceDetails, options)
+        needsFlash = result.needsFlash
+      } catch (e: CaptureTimedOutError) {
+        // the precapture just timed out after 5 seconds, take picture anyways without focus.
+        needsFlash = false
+      } catch (e: FocusCanceledError) {
+        throw CaptureAbortedError(false)
+      }
 
       try {
         // 2. Once precapture AF/AE/AWB successfully locked, capture the actual photo
         val singleRequest = photoRequest.createCaptureRequest(device, deviceDetails, outputs)
-        if (result.needsFlash) {
+        if (needsFlash) {
           singleRequest.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON)
           singleRequest.set(CaptureRequest.FLASH_MODE, CaptureRequest.FLASH_MODE_SINGLE)
         }
@@ -224,7 +234,8 @@ class PersistentCameraCaptureSession(private val cameraManager: CameraManager, p
       // 1. Run a precapture sequence for AF, AE and AWB.
       focusJob = coroutineScope.launch {
         val request = repeatingRequest.createCaptureRequest(device, deviceDetails, outputs)
-        val options = PrecaptureOptions(listOf(PrecaptureTrigger.AF, PrecaptureTrigger.AE), Flash.OFF, listOf(point), false)
+        val options =
+          PrecaptureOptions(listOf(PrecaptureTrigger.AF, PrecaptureTrigger.AE), Flash.OFF, listOf(point), false, FOCUS_RESET_TIMEOUT)
         session.precapture(request, deviceDetails, options)
       }
       focusJob?.join()
diff --git a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+precapture.kt b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+precapture.kt
index ea9178d..e52ad2c 100644
--- a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+precapture.kt
+++ b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+precapture.kt
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ data class PrecaptureOptions(
   val modes: List<PrecaptureTrigger>,
   val flash: Flash = Flash.OFF,
   val pointsOfInterest: List<Point>,
-  val skipIfPassivelyFocused: Boolean
+  val skipIfPassivelyFocused: Boolean,
+  val timeoutMs: Long
 )
 
 data class PrecaptureResult(val needsFlash: Boolean)
@@ -57,12 +58,8 @@ suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.precapture(
     aeState = ExposureState.fromAEState(result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_INACTIVE)
     awbState = WhiteBalanceState.fromAWBState(result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AWB_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AWB_STATE_INACTIVE)
 
-    if (aeState == ExposureState.FlashRequired) {
-      Log.i(TAG, "Auto-Flash: Flash is required for photo capture, enabling flash...")
-      enableFlash = true
-    } else {
-      Log.i(TAG, "Auto-Flash: Flash is not required for photo capture.")
-    }
+    Log.i(TAG, "Precapture current states: AF: $afState, AE: $aeState, AWB: $awbState")
+    enableFlash = aeState == ExposureState.FlashRequired && options.flash == Flash.AUTO
   } else {
     // we either want Flash ON or OFF, so we don't care about lighting conditions - do a fast capture.
     this.capture(request.build(), null, null)
@@ -99,23 +96,41 @@ suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.precapture(
     // AF Precapture
     if (deviceDetails.afModes.contains(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_AUTO)) {
       request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_AUTO)
+      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER_START)
+      if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() && deviceDetails.supportsFocusRegions) {
+        request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
+      }
+    } else {
+      // AF is not supported on this device.
+      precaptureModes.remove(PrecaptureTrigger.AF)
     }
-    if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() && deviceDetails.supportsFocusRegions) {
-      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
-    }
-    request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER_START)
   }
-  if (precaptureModes.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AE) && deviceDetails.hardwareLevel.isAtLeast(HardwareLevel.LIMITED)) {
+  if (precaptureModes.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AE)) {
     // AE Precapture
-    if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() && deviceDetails.supportsExposureRegions) {
-      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
+    if (deviceDetails.aeModes.contains(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON) && deviceDetails.hardwareLevel.isAtLeast(HardwareLevel.LIMITED)) {
+      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON)
+      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_PRECAPTURE_TRIGGER, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_PRECAPTURE_TRIGGER_START)
+      if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() &&
+        deviceDetails.supportsExposureRegions &&
+        deviceDetails.hardwareLevel.isAtLeast(HardwareLevel.LIMITED)
+      ) {
+        request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
+      }
+    } else {
+      // AE is not supported on this device.
+      precaptureModes.remove(PrecaptureTrigger.AE)
     }
-    request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_PRECAPTURE_TRIGGER, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_PRECAPTURE_TRIGGER_START)
   }
   if (precaptureModes.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AWB)) {
     // AWB Precapture
-    if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() && deviceDetails.supportsWhiteBalanceRegions) {
-      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
+    if (deviceDetails.awbModes.contains(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_MODE_AUTO)) {
+      request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_MODE_AUTO)
+      if (meteringRectangles.isNotEmpty() && deviceDetails.supportsWhiteBalanceRegions) {
+        request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_REGIONS, meteringRectangles)
+      }
+    } else {
+      // AWB is not supported on this device.
+      precaptureModes.remove(PrecaptureTrigger.AWB)
     }
   }
   this.capture(request.build(), null, null)
@@ -125,7 +140,7 @@ suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.precapture(
   // 3. Start a repeating request without the trigger and wait until AF/AE/AWB locks
   request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_TRIGGER, null)
   request.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_PRECAPTURE_TRIGGER, null)
-  val result = this.setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture(request.build(), *precaptureModes.toTypedArray())
+  val result = this.setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture(request.build(), options.timeoutMs, *precaptureModes.toTypedArray())
 
   if (!coroutineContext.isActive) throw FocusCanceledError()
 
diff --git a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture.kt b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture.kt
index 916debb..48ca860 100644
--- a/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture.kt
+++ b/package/android/src/main/java/com/mrousavy/camera/extensions/CameraCaptureSession+setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture.kt
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ data class ResultState(val focusState: FocusState, val exposureState: ExposureSt
  */
 suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture(
   request: CaptureRequest,
+  timeoutMs: Long,
   vararg precaptureTriggers: PrecaptureTrigger
 ): ResultState =
   suspendCancellableCoroutine { continuation ->
@@ -124,9 +125,9 @@ suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture(
     val completed = precaptureTriggers.associateWith { false }.toMutableMap()
 
     CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Default).launch {
-      delay(5000) // after 5s, cancel capture
+      delay(timeoutMs) // after timeout, cancel capture
       if (continuation.isActive) {
-        Log.e(TAG, "Precapture timed out after 5 seconds!")
+        Log.e(TAG, "Precapture timed out after ${timeoutMs / 1000} seconds!")
         continuation.resumeWithException(CaptureTimedOutError())
         try {
           setRepeatingRequest(request, null, null)
@@ -144,25 +145,25 @@ suspend fun CameraCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequestAndWaitForPrecapture(
           super.onCaptureCompleted(session, request, result)
 
           if (continuation.isActive) {
-            // AF Precapture
             val afState = FocusState.fromAFState(result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AF_STATE_INACTIVE)
-            val aeState = ExposureState.fromAEState(result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_INACTIVE)
+            val aeState = ExposureState.fromAEState(
+              result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AE_STATE_INACTIVE
+            )
             val awbState = WhiteBalanceState.fromAWBState(
               result.get(CaptureResult.CONTROL_AWB_STATE) ?: CaptureResult.CONTROL_AWB_STATE_INACTIVE
             )
+            Log.i(TAG, "Precapture state: AF: $afState, AE: $aeState, AWB: $awbState")
 
+            // AF Precapture
             if (precaptureTriggers.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AF)) {
-              Log.i(TAG, "AF State: $afState (isCompleted: ${afState.isCompleted})")
               completed[PrecaptureTrigger.AF] = afState.isCompleted
             }
             // AE Precapture
             if (precaptureTriggers.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AE)) {
-              Log.i(TAG, "AE State: $aeState (isCompleted: ${aeState.isCompleted})")
               completed[PrecaptureTrigger.AE] = aeState.isCompleted
             }
             // AWB Precapture
             if (precaptureTriggers.contains(PrecaptureTrigger.AWB)) {
-              Log.i(TAG, "AWB State: $awbState (isCompleted: ${awbState.isCompleted})")
               completed[PrecaptureTrigger.AWB] = awbState.isCompleted
             }