From 2bb3f9eadaf3ddc9bd8cf38808efc55a534c071f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ivan Malison <IvanMalison@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 21:12:33 -0800
Subject: [PATCH] A bunch of interview stuff

---
 dotfiles/lib/python/blackjack.py         | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/crime_profit.py      |  42 ++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/dashed_paragraph.py  |  58 +++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/dialpad.py           | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/freenome.py          |  56 +++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/game_of_life.py      |  85 ++++++++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/justify_paragraph.py |  58 +++++++++++
 dotfiles/lib/python/webhook.py           |  62 ++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 591 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 dotfiles/lib/python/blackjack.py
 create mode 100644 dotfiles/lib/python/crime_profit.py
 create mode 100755 dotfiles/lib/python/dashed_paragraph.py
 create mode 100644 dotfiles/lib/python/dialpad.py
 create mode 100644 dotfiles/lib/python/freenome.py
 create mode 100755 dotfiles/lib/python/game_of_life.py
 create mode 100755 dotfiles/lib/python/justify_paragraph.py
 create mode 100644 dotfiles/lib/python/webhook.py

diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/blackjack.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/blackjack.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..111be7d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/blackjack.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+import random
+import enum
+import itertools
+
+
+class Suit(enum.Enum):
+    CLUBS = 0
+    DIAMONDS = 1
+    HEARTS = 2
+    SPADES = 3
+
+
+class Deck(object):
+
+    @classmethod
+    def random_deck(cls):
+        return cls(generate_cards())
+
+    def __init__(self, cards):
+        self._cards = cards
+        self.top = 0
+
+    def pop_top(self):
+        if self.top >= 52:
+            raise Exception()
+        card = get_card(self._cards[self.top])
+        self.top += 1
+        return card
+
+
+def get_card(card_number):
+    return (Suit(card_number // 13), card_number % 13)
+
+
+def random_permutation_of_size(n):
+    remaining = list(range(n))
+    for i in range(n-1, -1, -1):
+        yield remaining.pop(random.randint(0, i))
+
+
+def random_permutation(the_list):
+    for index in random_permutation_of_size(len(the_list)):
+        yield the_list[index]
+
+
+def generate_cards(num_cards=52):
+    return list(random_permutation(range(num_cards)))
+
+
+def card_value(card_number):
+    if card_number >= 10:
+        return 10
+    return card_number + 1
+
+
+def card_string(card_number):
+    if card_number == 12:
+        return 'K'
+    elif card_number == 11:
+        return 'Q'
+    elif card_number == 10:
+        return 'J'
+    return str(card_number + 1)
+
+
+def get_hand_value(hand):
+    number_of_aces = 0
+    total_value = 0
+    for _, card_number in hand:
+        if card_number == 0:
+            number_of_aces += 1
+        else:
+            total_value += card_value(card_number)
+    while total_value < 10 - (number_of_aces - 1):
+        total_value += 11
+        number_of_aces -= 1
+    total_value += number_aces
+    return total_value
+
+
+class Blackjack(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, deck=None):
+        self._deck = deck or Deck.random_deck()
+        self.initialize_game()
+
+    def initialize_game(self):
+        self.dealer_hand = [self._deck.pop_top() for _ in range(2)]
+        self.player_hand = [self._deck.pop_top() for _ in range(2)]
+
+    def hit(self):
+        self.player_hand.append(self._deck.pop_top())
+
+    def run_dealer(self):
+        while get_hand_value(self.dealer_hand) < 17:
+            self.dealer_hand.append(self._deck.pop_top())
+
+
+class UserHandler(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, game=None):
+        self._game = game or Blackjack()
+
+    def print_game_state(self):
+        print(self.game_string())
+
+    def game_string(self):
+        return "\n".join([
+            self.dealer_string(), self.hand_string(self._game.player_hand),
+        ])
+
+    def dealer_string(self):
+        return "X {0}".format(self.hand_string(self._game.dealer_hand[1:]))
+
+    def hand_string(self, cards):
+        return " ".join(card_string(card[1]) for card in cards)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    UserHandler().print_game_state()
+    the_cards = UserHandler()._game._deck._cards
+    print (the_cards)
+    print(set(the_cards) == set(range(52)))
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/crime_profit.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/crime_profit.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..01b83eed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/crime_profit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+class CountCrimes(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, profits, groups, profit_needed, group_count):
+        self.profits = profits
+        self.groups = groups
+        self.crime_count = len(profits)
+        self.profit_needed = profit_needed
+        self.group_count = count
+        self.reset_cache()
+
+    def process_crime(self, profit, num_required):
+        for gangster_count in range(self.group_count, -1, -1):
+            for profit_amount in range(self.profit_needed, -1, -1):
+                new_gangster_count = gangster_count + num_required
+                new_profit = profit_amount + profit
+                if new_profit > self.profit_needed:
+                    new_profit = self.profit_needed
+                new_count = self.cache[gangster_count][profit_amount]
+                if new_count > 0 and new_gangster_count <= self.group_count:
+                    self.cache[new_gangster_count][new_profit] += new_count
+
+    def reset_cache(self):
+        self.cache = [[0 for _ in range(profit_needed + 1)]
+                      for _ in range(group_count + 1)]
+        self.cache[0][0] = 1
+
+    def process_crimes(self):
+        for profit, num_required in zip(self.profits, self.groups):
+            self.process_crime(profit, num_required)
+
+    def get_count(self):
+        self.reset_cache()
+        self.process_crimes()
+        return self.count_ways()
+
+    def count_ways(self):
+        return sum(self.cache[i][self.profit_needed]
+                   for i in range(self.group_count + 1))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(CountCrimes().get_count())
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/dashed_paragraph.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/dashed_paragraph.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6ac251fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/dashed_paragraph.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env python
+import itertools
+
+def textJustify(input_string, justification_length):
+    partitioning = partition_paragraph(input_string, justification_length)
+    return "\n".join(itertools.chain(
+        (justify_line(line_partition, justification_length)
+         for line_partition in partitioning[:-1]),
+        [" ".join(partitioning[-1])]
+    ))
+
+def justify_line(line_words, justification_length):
+    if len(line_words) == 1:
+        return line_words[0]
+    total_length = sum(len(word) for word in line_words)
+    word_count = len(line_words)
+    number_of_word_boundaries = word_count - 1
+    spaces_to_add = justification_length - total_length
+    base_spaces = spaces_to_add // number_of_word_boundaries
+    extra_spaces = spaces_to_add % number_of_word_boundaries
+
+    output_string = ""
+    for i, word in enumerate(line_words):
+        output_string += word
+        if i >= len(line_words) - 1:
+            break
+        space_count = base_spaces
+        if i < extra_spaces:
+            space_count += 1
+        spaces = " " * space_count
+        output_string += spaces
+
+    return output_string
+
+def partition_paragraph(input_string, justification_length):
+    current_line_lenth = 0
+    partitioning = []
+    current = []
+    for word in input_string.split():
+        word_length = len(word)
+        length_with_word = current_line_lenth + word_length
+        if justification_length < length_with_word:
+            partitioning.append(current)
+            current = []
+            current_line_lenth = 0
+            length_with_word = word_length
+
+        current.append(word)
+        current_line_lenth = length_with_word + 1
+
+    if current:
+        partitioning.append(current)
+
+    return partitioning
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sample = "Coursera provides universal access to the world's best education, partnering with to universities and organizations to offer courses online."
+    print(textJustify(sample, 10))
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/dialpad.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/dialpad.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a2822ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/dialpad.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# neighbors = {
+#     1: [6, 8],
+#     2: [7, 9],
+#     3: [8, 4],
+#     4: [9, 3, 0],
+#     5: [],
+#     6: [0, 7, 1],
+#     7: [2, 6],
+#     8: [1, 3],
+#     9: [4, 2],
+#     0: [4, 6]
+# }
+
+# cache = {}
+
+# def count_numbers(current_number, number_of_hops):
+#     cache_value = (current_number, number_of_hops)
+#     if cache_value in cache:
+#         return cache[cache_value]
+
+#     if number_of_hops == 1:
+#         return 1
+#     number_count = 0
+#     for neighbor in neighbors[current_number]:
+#         number_count += count_numbers(neighbor, number_of_hops - 1)
+
+#     cache[cache_value] = number_count
+#     return number_count
+
+
+class DialpadCounter(object):
+
+    knight_deltas = [
+        (2, 1),
+        (-2, -1),
+        (-2, 1),
+        (2, -1),
+        (1, 2),
+        (-1, -2),
+        (-1, 2),
+        (1, -2)
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self, dialpad_matrix):
+        self._matrix = dialpad_matrix
+        self._row_size = len(dialpad_matrix[0])
+        self._row_count = len(dialpad_matrix)
+        self._cache = {}
+
+    def neighbors(self, y, x):
+        result = []
+        for delta_y, delta_x in self.knight_deltas:
+            neighbor_y = delta_y + y
+            neighbor_x = delta_x + x
+            neighbor = (neighbor_y, neighbor_x)
+            if (self.inbounds(neighbor_y, neighbor_x) and
+                self._matrix[neighbor_y][neighbor_x]):
+                result.append(neighbor)
+        return result
+
+    def inbounds(self, y, x):
+        return 0 <= x < self._row_size and 0 <= y < self._row_count
+
+    def count_numbers(self, coordinate, number_of_hops):
+        y, x = coordinate
+        if not self._matrix[y][x]:
+            raise Exception()
+
+        cache_value = (coordinate, number_of_hops)
+
+        if cache_value in self._cache:
+            return self._cache[cache_value]
+
+        if number_of_hops == 1:
+            return 1
+
+        number_count = 0
+        for neighbor in self.neighbors(y, x):
+            number_count += self.count_numbers(neighbor, number_of_hops - 1)
+
+        self._cache[cache_value] = number_count
+
+        return number_count
+
+def count_numbers(number, number_of_hops):
+    matrix = [
+        [True, True, True],
+        [True, True, True],
+        [True, True, True],
+        [False, True, False]
+    ]
+    if number == 0:
+        coordinate = 3, 1
+    else:
+        row = (number - 1) // 3
+        column = (number - 1) % 3
+        coordinate = (row, column)
+    counter = DialpadCounter(matrix)
+    return counter.count_numbers(coordinate, number_of_hops)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(count_numbers(1, 1))
+    print(count_numbers(1, 2))
+    print(count_numbers(1, 3))
+    print(count_numbers(1, 4))
+    print(count_numbers(1, 10))
+    print(count_numbers(1, 30))
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/freenome.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/freenome.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..714a6138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/freenome.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+class MazeSolver(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, maze):
+        self.maze = maze
+        self.row_length = len(maze[0])
+        self.column_length = len(maze)
+        self.visited = set()
+
+    @property
+    def finish(self):
+        return (self.column_length - 1, self.row_length - 1)
+
+    deltas = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1)]
+
+    def is_in_bounds(self, location):
+        column_index, row_index = location
+        return (
+            0 <= column_index < self.column_length and
+            0 <= row_index < self.row_length
+        )
+
+    def find_adjacency(self, location):
+        for delta in self.deltas:
+            column_delta, row_delta = delta
+            column_location, row_location = location
+            new_column_location = column_location + column_delta
+            new_row_location = row_location + row_delta
+            adjacent_location = (new_column_location, new_row_location)
+            if (
+                    self.is_in_bounds(adjacent_location) and
+                    self.maze[new_column_location][new_row_location]
+            ):
+                yield adjacent_location
+
+    def solve(self, current_location=(0, 0)):
+        if current_location == self.finish:
+            return [current_location]
+        self.visited.add(current_location)
+        for new_location in self.find_adjacency(current_location):
+            if new_location in self.visited:
+                continue
+            result = self.solve(new_location)
+            if result is not None:
+                return [current_location] + result
+        return None
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    maze = [
+        [1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
+        [0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
+        [1, 0, 1, 1, 1],
+        [1, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+        [1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
+    ]
+
+    print(MazeSolver(maze).solve())
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/game_of_life.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/game_of_life.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..506832b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/game_of_life.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env python
+
+class GameOfLife(object):
+
+    neighbor_deltas = [
+        (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, -1),
+        (0, 1), (0, -1),
+        (-1, 0), (-1, 1), (-1, -1)
+    ]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def empty_with_size(cls, rows, columns=None):
+        columns = columns or rows
+        return cls([])
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def build_empty_grid(rows, columns):
+        return [[False for _ in range(columns)] for _ in range(rows)]
+
+    def __init__(self, initial_state):
+        self.current_state = initial_state
+        self.row_count = len(initial_state)
+        self.column_count = len(initial_state[0])
+
+    def _neighbors(self, row, column):
+        for (row_delta, column_delta) in self.neighbor_deltas:
+            candidate_row = row + row_delta
+            candidate_column = column + column_delta
+            if self._in_bounds(candidate_row, candidate_column):
+                yield candidate_row, candidate_column
+
+    def _in_bounds(self, row, column):
+        return 0 <= row < self.row_count and 0 <= column < self.column_count
+
+    def _next_state_for_cell(self, row, column):
+        live_count = 0
+        cell_was_live = self.current_state[row][column]
+        for neighbor_row, neighbor_column in self._neighbors(row, column):
+            if self.current_state[neighbor_row][neighbor_column]:
+                live_count += 1
+        if cell_was_live:
+            return 1 < live_count < 4
+        else:
+            return live_count == 3
+
+    def compute_next_game_state(self, new_state=None):
+        new_state = new_state or self.build_empty_grid(
+            self.row_count, self.column_count,
+        )
+        for row in range(self.row_count):
+            for column in range(self.column_count):
+                new_state[row][column] = self._next_state_for_cell(row, column)
+        return new_state
+
+    def tick(self, new_state=None):
+        self.current_state = self.compute_next_game_state(new_state)
+
+    def _build_row_string(self, row):
+        return " ".join(["o" if state else "." for state in row])
+
+    @property
+    def state_string(self):
+        return "\n".join(
+            self._build_row_string(row) for row in self.current_state
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def run(cls, initial_state, generations=30):
+        game = cls(initial_state)
+        for _ in range(generations):
+            game.tick()
+            print(game.state_string)
+        return game.current_state
+
+sample_size = 50
+
+sample_state = [
+    [False, True, False] + ([False] * (sample_size - 3)),
+    [False, False, True] + ([False] * (sample_size - 3)),
+    [True, True, True] + ([False] * (sample_size - 3)),
+] + [[False] * sample_size for _ in range(sample_size - 3)]
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    GameOfLife.run(sample_state)
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/justify_paragraph.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/justify_paragraph.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..114cb6a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/justify_paragraph.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env python
+import itertools
+
+def textJustify(input_string, justification_length):
+    partitioning = partition_paragraph(input_string, justification_length)
+    return "\n".join(itertools.chain(
+        (justify_line(line_partition, justification_length)
+         for line_partition in partitioning[:-1]),
+        [" ".join(partitioning[-1])]
+    ))
+
+def justify_line(line_words, justification_length):
+    if len(line_words) == 1:
+        return line_words[0]
+    total_length = sum(len(word) for word in line_words)
+    word_count = len(line_words)
+    number_of_word_boundaries = word_count - 1
+    spaces_to_add = justification_length - total_length
+    base_spaces = spaces_to_add // number_of_word_boundaries
+    extra_spaces = spaces_to_add % number_of_word_boundaries
+
+    output_string = ""
+    for i, word in enumerate(line_words):
+        output_string += word
+        if i >= len(line_words) - 1:
+            break
+        space_count = base_spaces
+        if i < extra_spaces:
+            space_count += 1
+        spaces = " " * space_count
+        output_string += spaces
+
+    return output_string
+
+def partition_paragraph(input_string, justification_length):
+    min_line_length = 0
+    partitioning = []
+    current = []
+    for word in input_string.split():
+        word_length = len(word)
+        length_with_word = min_line_length + word_length
+        if justification_length < length_with_word:
+            partitioning.append(current)
+            current = []
+            min_line_length = 0
+            length_with_word = word_length
+
+        current.append(word)
+        min_line_length = length_with_word + 1
+
+    if current:
+        partitioning.append(current)
+
+    return partitioning
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sample = "Coursera provides universal access to the world's best education, partnering with to universities and organizations to offer courses online."
+    print(textJustify(sample, 10))
diff --git a/dotfiles/lib/python/webhook.py b/dotfiles/lib/python/webhook.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec7be83e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dotfiles/lib/python/webhook.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import asyncio
+import random
+import queue
+import requests
+import threading
+
+class WebhookHandler(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, callback_uri='http://whatever'):
+        self.queue = queue.Queue()
+        self.callback_uri = callback_uri
+
+    def enqueue(self, webhook_request):
+        self.queue.put(webhook_request)
+
+    def webhook_worker(self):
+        while True:
+            callback_request = self.queue.get()
+            self.run_request(callback_request)
+            self.queue.task_done()
+
+    def flaky_request(self, callback_request):
+        random_value = random.random()
+        print(random_value)
+        if random_value > .9:
+            return 500
+        r = requests.get(self.callback_uri, params=callback_request)
+        return r.status_code
+
+    def run_request(self, request):
+        status_code = self.flaky_request(request)
+        if status_code != 200:
+            asyncio.run(self.do_retry(callback_request))
+        else:
+            print("made request")
+
+    async def do_retry(self, request, delay=1):
+        await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+        print("Retried request")
+        self.run_request(request)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    handler = WebhookHandler(callback_uri="https://www.google.com/")
+    thread_count = 10
+    for _ in range(1000):
+        handler.enqueue({})
+
+    threads = []
+    for _ in range(thread_count):
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=handler.webhook_worker, daemon=False)
+        thread.start()
+        threads.append(thread)
+
+    for _ in range(1000):
+        handler.enqueue({})
+
+    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+    try:
+        loop.run_forever()
+    finally:
+        loop.close()